BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Lactose is a disaccharide derived from the condensation of galactose and glucose, which form a -1→4 glycosidic linkage. Its systematic name is -D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lactose is composed of a molecule of galactose joined to a molecule of glucose by a -1, 4-glycosidic linkage. It is a reducing sugar that is found in milk. Sucrose is composed of a molecule of glucose joined to a molecule of fructose by an -1, -2-glycosidic linkage.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is (e) dehydration reaction. A dehydration reaction occurs when two molecules are bound together in a process that releases a water molecule. In this case, galactose and glucose are both monosaccharides that are combined into the disaccharide lactose by a dehydration reaction.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lactose is produced from whey, a byproduct of cheesemaking and casein production, by crystallizing an oversaturated solution of whey concentrate. Global demand for lactose has grown appreciably over the last 10 years, the lactose industry having adapted accordingly, especially in the USA and Europe.

Detailed explanation-5: -Galactose reacts with glucose to make the disaccharide lactose. However, glucose and galactose cannot be easily converted into one another. Galactose cannot play the same part in respiration as glucose.