BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Polysaccharides, such as starch, chitin, glycogen, and cellulose, can be broken down into monosaccharides. This occurs through the process of hydrolysis, which uses water to break the bonds between monosaccharides.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hydrolysis involves the reaction of an organic chemical with water to form two or more new substances and usually means the cleavage of chemical bonds by the addition of water.

Detailed explanation-3: -When a carbohydrate is broken into its component sugar molecules by hydrolysis (e.g., sucrose being broken down into glucose and fructose), this is recognized as saccharification. Hydrolysis reactions can be the reverse of a condensation reaction in which two molecules join into a larger one and eject a water molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -Starch is a condensation polymer made from glucose monomer units. When these large starch molecules react with water they break down into smaller sugar molecules. The starch is said to be hydrolysed. We can tell if starch has been hydrolysed by testing for the small sugar molecules that are formed in the process.