BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Disaccharides are formed through dehydration reactions in which a total of one water molecule is removed from the two monosaccharides.

Detailed explanation-2: -Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides are joined together and a molecule of water is removed. For example; milk sugar (lactose) is made from glucose and galactose whereas the sugar from sugar cane and sugar beets (sucrose) is made from glucose and fructose.

Detailed explanation-3: -The joining of monosaccharides to form a disaccharide is called dehydration synthesis because a water molecule is lost as the two monosaccharides are joined together. Dehydration means losing water and synthesis means to build. So, dehydration synthesis is the process of building new molecules by removing water.

Detailed explanation-4: -The formation of a disaccharide molecule from two monosaccharide molecules proceeds by displacing a hydroxy group from one molecule and a hydrogen nucleus (a proton) from the other, so that the now vacant bonds on the monosaccharides join the two monomers together.

Detailed explanation-5: -Polysaccharides are essentially polymers in which monosaccharides are joined together by glycosidic bonds as water is removed.