BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The monosaccharides can be divided into groups based on the number of carbon atoms in the molecules, thus: trioses have 3-C atoms, tetroses have 4-C atoms, pentoses have 5-C atoms, and hexoses have 6-C atoms.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ribose is a single-ring pentose [5-Carbon] sugar. The numbering of the carbon atoms runs clockwise, following organic chemistry rules.

Detailed explanation-3: -A pentose is a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms. Pentoses are separated into two groups: aldopentoses and ketopentoses. The aldopentoses have an aldehyde functional group at position 1. The ketopentoses have a ketone functional group in position 2 or 3.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ribose and deoxyribose are in linear form when they are free but are present as furanose form when they are in the part of nucleic acid. In addition to ribose and deoxyribose, a few other examples of this type of sugars are D-Ribose, D-Arabinose, D-Xylose, D-Ribulose, D-Xylulose, etc. (1).

Detailed explanation-5: -Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; most of them are sugars. Monosaccharides may have between three and eight carbon atoms, but only those with five carbons (pentoses) and six carbons (hexoses) are common.