BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The process of digestion is called hydrolysis. In hydrolysis, these long sugar chains (polymers) are broken down into the individual sugars (monomers) that make them up. The general formula for hydrolysis is: Polymer + Water ⇌ Monomer + Monomer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hydrolysis reactions use water to breakdown polymers into monomers and is the opposite of dehydration synthesis, which forms water when synthesizing a polymer from monomers. Hydrolysis reactions break bonds and release energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -As disaccharides travel through the body they are broken down into simple sugars, or monosaccharides, by a process called hydrolysis. This process is facilitated by enzymes called maltases, sucrases, and lactases. These different enzymes help to break down different types of sugars in the body.

Detailed explanation-4: -Salt. Dissolving a salt of a weak acid or base in water is an example of a hydrolysis reaction.

Detailed explanation-5: -Catabolic reactions often employ hydrolysis in order to break down complex molecules by adding a molecule of water to the simple molecules that are the products.