BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Proteoglycans. PGs are generally large molecules composed of a protein core to which are attached several sulfated glycosaminoglycans, such as chondroitan sulfate or heparan sulfate . Several PGs are secreted into the ECM, where they bind to ECM glycoproteins and modify the organization of the matrix.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteoglycans are the specific group of glycoproteins that have at least one glycosaminoglycan chain attached to the protein; categorization is typically by the GAG chain(s) present. Heparan/heparin sulfate and chondroitin sulfate are the most common GAGs contained by proteoglycans.

Detailed explanation-3: -Proteoglycans are a subclass of glycoproteins in which the carbohydrate units are polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. Such polysaccharides are also known as glycosaminoglycans.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glycosaminoglycans, the polysaccharide moiety of proteoglycans, are generally attached to the core protein via an O-glycosidic bond at a common basic GlcA1→3Gal1→3Gal1→4Xyl1→O-Ser (GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-Ser) linkage region1–3 except for hyaluronic acid and keratan sulfate.

Detailed explanation-5: -Proteoglycans consist of a core protein and one or more covalently attached GAG chains (Figure 11.2). GAGs are linear polysaccharides, whose building blocks (disaccharides) consist of an amino sugar (either GlcNAc or GalNAc) and an uronic acid (GlcA and IdoA).