BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Endospores make survival possible for bacteria which would otherwise kill them in extreme conditions such as high temperature, pressure, chemical damage, irradiation, etc. Endospores of low gram-positive bacteria, in particular, survive through these conditions.

Detailed explanation-2: -A Combination of Extreme Environmental Conditions Favor the Prevalence of Endospore-Forming Firmicutes. Environmental conditions unsuitable for microbial growth are the rule rather than the exception in most habitats.

Detailed explanation-3: -Endospore formation is usually triggered by lack of nutrients, and usually occurs in Gram-positive bacteria. In endospore formation, the bacterium divides within its cell wall. One side then engulfs the other. Endospores enable bacteria to lie dormant for extended periods, even centuries.

Detailed explanation-4: -After the process of sporulation, bacterial endospores remain in a dormant, metabolically inert state that is resistant to heat, UV damage, desiccation and physical disruption [108]. This state may persist for years to decades or even longer.