BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Most gymnosperms produce seeds in structures called cones or strobili (singular strobilus; Figure 8.1. 2). Cones evolved from modified leaves, and they can either be male cones that produce pollen, or female cones that produce ovules.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scales or leaves, which are often modified to form cones, or on their own as in yew, Torreya, Ginkgo.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gymnosperms are a relatively small group of plants that do not flower and bear “naked seeds.” This means that the seeds are produced on the surface of the reproductive structure, rather than enclosed within it as in a fruit.

Detailed explanation-4: -They are typically slow to reproduce; up to a year may pass between pollination and fertilization, and seed maturation may require 3 years. All gymnosperms are heterosporous and have two types of cones: male, which are smaller and female, which tend to be larger.