BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Enzyme activity can be affected by a variety of factors, such as temperature, pH, and concentration. Enzymes work best within specific temperature and pH ranges, and sub-optimal conditions can cause an enzyme to lose its ability to bind to a substrate.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like most chemical reactions, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction increases as the temperature is raised. A ten degree Centigrade rise in temperature will increase the activity of most enzymes by 50 to 100%.

Detailed explanation-3: -Because enzymes are proteins, they are denatured by heat. Therefore, at higher temperatures (over about 55°C in the graph below) there is a rapid loss of activity as the protein suffers irreversible denaturation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: The temperature and pH of the environment, as well as the concentration of the substrate and enzyme, all affect the rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction. As a result, enzymes have optimal conditions in which they can work at peak efficiency.

Detailed explanation-5: -Several factors affect the rate at which enzymatic reactions proceed-temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators.