BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -A substrate binds to a specific region on an enzyme known as the active site, where the substrate can be converted to product. The substrate binds to the enzyme primarily through hydrogen bonding and other electrostatic interactions.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes are made up of amino acids which are linked together via amide (peptide) bonds in a linear chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Binding of the substrate to the enzyme involves noncovalent bonds, such as hydrogen bonds, ionic attractions, hydrophobic bonds, and van der Waals interactions. The chemical groups at the active site are spatially arranged to face and interact with groups in the substrate, fixing them in the proper position.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substrates bind to the active site of the enzyme through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonding, temporary covalent interactions (Van der Waals’) or a combination of all of these to form the enzyme-substrate complex.