BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Root growth shows characteristic tropisms including positive geotropism (growth in the direction of gravity, also described as positive gravitropism) and avoidance of obstacles (sometimes described as negative thigmotropism).

Detailed explanation-2: -The roots of a plant demonstrate negative gravitropism, and the shoots of a plant demonstrate positive gravitropism.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plant parts can grow with or against gravity. This type of tropism is called gravitropism. Roots of a plant grow downward and exhibit positive gravitropism. Stems, on the other hand, exhibit negative gravitropism since they grow upwards and against the force of gravity (see Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-4: -Root tip is capable of sensing and adjusting its growth direction in response to gravity, a phenomenon known as root gravitropism. Previously, we have shown that negative gravitropic response of roots (NGR) is essential for the positive gravitropic response of roots.

Detailed explanation-5: -When the stem grows against the force of gravity (upwards), this is known as a negative gravitropism. When a root grows in the direction of the force of gravity (downwards), this is known as a positive gravitropism.