BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) promote seed germination in a number of plant species. In dicots, such as tomato and Arabidopsis, de novo GA biosynthesis after seed imbibition is essential for germination. Light is a crucial environmental cue determining seed germination in some species.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gibberellins cause seed germination by breaking the seed’s dormancy and acting as a chemical messenger. Its hormone binds to a receptor, and calcium activates the protein calmodulin, and the complex binds to DNA, producing an enzyme to stimulate growth in the embryo.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gibberellin is the other major phytohormone with an important role in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination (Finch-Savage and Leubner-Metzger, 2006). The level of biologically active GAs in plant tissues is determined by the balance between its biosynthesis and inactivation (Yamaguchi, 2008).

Detailed explanation-4: -Gibberellins is able to break seed dormancy, so the seeds can germinate and grow normally by accelerating the process of cell division.