BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The ratio of cytokinins to auxins controls differentiation. If both of these are present in equal quantities, the cells divide but fail to differentiate. If there is more cytokinin than auxin, shoot buds develop. If there is more auxin than cytokinin, roots develop.

Detailed explanation-2: -What is Plant Differentiation? Plant differentiation occurs when the cells of the root and shoot apical meristem mature to form specialized cells which perform specific functions. During this process, the plant cell goes through several structural changes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Why do roots and shoots behave differently in response to particular levels of auxin? Because root and shoot cells in the elongation zone exhibit different responses to the same concentrations of auxin. Tropic responses are described as growth responses.

Detailed explanation-4: -The shoot apical meristem contains cells that undergo continual growth and division to generate the building blocks for the aerial portion of the plant. As cells leave the meristem, they undergo differentiation to form specific cell types.

Detailed explanation-5: -Plants like all multicelluar organisms, are derived from single celled zygotes after mitotic divisions and differentiation of cells. While the development of the shoot and root are led by the activities of the apical meristems at the respective zones, tissue culture techniques are used for shoot differentiation.