BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Ethylene is regarded as a multifunctional phytohormone that regulates both growth, and senescence. It promotes or inhibits growth and senescence processes depending on its concentration, timing of application, and the plant species.

Detailed explanation-2: -The gaseous hormone ethylene plays a key role in plant growth and development, and it is a major regulator of stress responses. It inhibits vegetative growth by restricting cell elongation, mainly through cross-talk with auxins.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ethylene is the most widely used plant growth regulator as it plays a vital role in: Stimulating fruit ripening. Helps in determining the sex of a flower. It is involved in the production of female flowers in a male plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ethylene is produced by heating natural gas and mainly available as ethene and propene. If petroleum is heated at about 800C to 900C ethylene is produced. The melting point of ethylene is-169.4 degree Celcius and the boiling point is-169.4 degree Celcius.

Detailed explanation-5: -An unripe fruit generally has low levels of ethylene. As the fruit matures, ethylene is produced as a signal to induce fruit ripening. Ethylene production continues to increase after harvest, thus decreasing fruit shelf-life, storability capacity, and increasing its susceptibility to pathogen attacks.