BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Auxins function primarily in stem elongation by promoting cell growth. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the major naturally occurring auxin and one of the major growth factors in plants. They were the first group of plant growth hormones discovered. Auxins serve dual roles in plants depending on where they are produced.

Detailed explanation-2: -Auxin promotes cell division and meristem maintenance and also plays an important role in the establishment of cellular patterning.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gibberellins stimulate cell elongation by altering the rheological properties of the cell wall; as a consequence, the water potential of the cell is lowered allowing for water uptake and therefore an increase in cell volume.

Detailed explanation-4: -An increase in the final cell length contributed to the growth response after 7 h of GA3 application. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that gibberellin first promotes cell elongation in the intercalary meristem and that cell division is stimulated as a result of cell-growth.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hormonal interactions controlling cell proliferation and endoreplication in the roots of Arabidopsis. Auxin and gibberellins (GAs) synergistically promote cell proliferation in the proximal meristem (PM), and auxin delays the onset of endoreplication by up-regulating the expression of CYCA2; 3 and CDKB1.