BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The innate immune system is the body’s first line of defense against germs entering the body. It responds in the same way to all germs and foreign substances, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the “nonspecific” immune system.

Detailed explanation-2: -Skin, tears and mucus are part of the first line of defence in fighting infection. They help to protect us against invading pathogens. You have beneficial bacteria growing on your skin, in your bowel and other places in the body (such as the mouth and the gut) that stop other harmful bacteria from taking over.

Detailed explanation-3: -The epidermis comprises the outermost layers of the skin. It forms a protective barrier over the body’s surface, responsible for keeping water in the body and preventing pathogens from entering.

Detailed explanation-4: -Keratinocytes. Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the epidermis. They act as the first line of innate immune defence against infection.

Detailed explanation-5: -The skin, mucous membranes, and endothelia throughout the body serve as physical barriers that prevent microbes from reaching potential sites of infection. Tight cell junctions in these tissues prevent microbes from passing through.