BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -In -cells, the main stimulus for insulin release are elevated blood glucose levels following a meal. The circulating blood glucose is taken up by the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT2 (SLC2A2), which is located on the surface of the -cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the absorptive state, an increase in blood glucose is detected by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets, causing them to increase the release of insulin into the blood.

Detailed explanation-3: -When blood sugar rises, cells in the pancreas release insulin, causing the body to absorb glucose from the blood and lowering the blood sugar level to normal.

Detailed explanation-4: -When a person’s blood sugar is too high, their pancreas secretes more insulin. When their blood sugar levels drop, their pancreas releases glucagon to raise them. This balance helps provide sufficient energy to the cells while preventing damage that can result from consistently high blood sugar levels.