BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

BIOLOGY

HORMONES

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Which of the following are effects of adrenaline on the body?
A
Increasing breathing rate
B
Decreasing pulse rate
C
Causing radial muscles in the iris to contract
D
Causing circular muscles in the iris to contract
E
Causes blood glucose levels to increase
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Thus, an additional and important action of adrenaline is to increase plasma glucose by promoting glycogenolysis in the liver and skeletal muscle, liver gluconeogenesis and reduction of glucose uptake by tissues such as skeletal muscle via activation of 1‐ and 2‐adrenoceptors (Moratinos et al., 1986).

Detailed explanation-2: -Introduction. The ability of the “fight-or-flight” hormone adrenaline to increase plasma glucose levels by stimulating liver gluconeogenesis is in part mediated by glucagon, the body’s principal hyperglycemic hormone (1). Glucagon is secreted by the -cells of the pancreas (2).

Detailed explanation-3: -Insulin levels fall, glucagon and epinephrine (adrenaline) levels rise and more glucose is released from the liver. At the same time, growth hormone and cortisol levels rise, which causes body tissues (muscle and fat) to be less sensitive to insulin. As a result, more glucose is available in the blood stream.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucagon increases blood sugar levels, whereas insulin decreases blood sugar levels.

There is 1 question to complete.