BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytokinin is known as the hormone responsible for cell division. It stimulates the metabolism and the formation of flowers on side shoots, and as such it is a counterpart to auxin. Cytokinin is most concentrated in the youngest parts of the plant, such as the seeds, fruits, young leaves and root tips.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cytokinin promotes shoot branching by activating axillary buds, but its mechanism of action in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) in this process is unclear.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cytokinins are essential plant hormones. By stimulating cell division, they regulate shoot meristem size, leaf primordia number, and leaf and shoot growth. They can stimulate both the differentiation and the outgrowth of axillary buds. The cytokinins can mediate axillary bud release from apical dominance.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cytokinins are the key factor to induce the direct shoot regeneration and flowering of S. dulcis.

Detailed explanation-5: -The hormones auxin and cytokinin are key regulators of plant growth and development. As they are active at minute concentrations and regulate dynamic processes, cell and tissue levels of the hormones are finely controlled developmentally, diurnally, and in response to environmental variables.