BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The part of the enzyme where the substrate binds is called the active site (since that’s where the catalytic “action” happens). A substrate enters the active site of the enzyme. This forms the enzyme-substrate complex.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes bind substrates at key locations in their structure called active sites. They are typically highly specific and only bind certain substrates for certain reactions.

Detailed explanation-3: -The enzyme’s active site binds to the substrate. Since enzymes are proteins, this site is composed of a unique combination of amino acid residues (side chains or R groups).

Detailed explanation-4: -Many enzymes including serine protease, cysteine protease, protein kinase and phosphatase evolved to form transient covalent bonds between them and their substrates to lower the activation energy and allow the reaction to occur. This process can be divided into 2 steps: formation and breakdown.