BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Glucose and fructose are functional isomers of each other because they have same molecular formula that is C6H12O6 But different functional group in their chemical formula. Glucose has aldehyde group while fructose has ketone as functional group. They differ in the nature of the functional group.

Detailed explanation-2: -In glucose and galactose, the carbonyl group is on the C1 carbon, forming an aldehyde group. In fructose, the carbonyl group is on the C2 carbon, forming a ketone group. The former sugars are called aldoses based on the aldehyde group that is formed; the latter is designated as a ketose based on the ketone group.

Detailed explanation-3: -These sugars are structural isomers of one another, with the difference being that glucose contains an aldehyde functional group whereas fructose contains a ketone functional group.

Detailed explanation-4: -When ketone group is present, the monosaccharides are known as a ketose. Fructose has molecular formula C6H12O6 containing 6 carbon and keto group and is classified as ketohexose.

Detailed explanation-5: -Seliwanoff test is a chemical test which distinguishes between glucose and fructose. This test is based on the fact that when heated, fructose(ketose sugar) is more rapidly dehydrated than glucose(aldose sugar). When added to a solution containing fructose, a red color is formed rapidly.