BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Galactose is a monosaccharide and has the same chemical formula as glucose, i.e., C6H12O6. It is similar to glucose in its structure, differing only in the position of one hydroxyl group.

Detailed explanation-2: -The main difference between glucose and galactose is the chemical structure; the position of each –OH group present in both molecules. This difference occurs in the 4th carbon atom.

Detailed explanation-3: -Galactose and mannose are epimers of the glucose molecule. The key difference between glucose galactose and mannose is that glucose is a six-carbon structure and galactose is the C4 epimer of glucose whereas mannose is the C2 epimer of glucose. Moreover, glucose is naturally produced through photosynthesis in plants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucose and galactose are monosaccharides that differ from one another only at position C-4. Thus, they are epimers that have an identical configuration in all the positions except in position C-4.

Detailed explanation-5: -Glucose in a ring form can have two different arrangements of the hydroxyl group (OH) around the anomeric carbon (C1 that becomes asymmetric in the process of ring formation).