BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -A pentose is a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms. Pentoses are separated into two groups: aldopentoses and ketopentoses. The aldopentoses have an aldehyde functional group at position 1. The ketopentoses have a ketone functional group in position 2 or 3.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pentose is a five-carbon simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide). An example of a pentose sugar would be ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA. There are 2 types of pentoses; ketopentoses and aldopentoses. Ketopentoses have a ketone functional group located at position 2 or 3 of the pentose ring.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribose and deoxyribose are in linear form when they are free but are present as furanose form when they are in the part of nucleic acid. In addition to ribose and deoxyribose, a few other examples of this type of sugars are D-Ribose, D-Arabinose, D-Xylose, D-Ribulose, D-Xylulose, etc. (1).

Detailed explanation-4: -Ribose is a single-ring pentose [5-Carbon] sugar. The numbering of the carbon atoms runs clockwise, following organic chemistry rules.

Detailed explanation-5: -Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose, galactose, xylose and ribose.