BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA has two polynucleotide chains wound to form a double helix structure. The pentose sugar molecule is deoxyribose. The hydroxyl group is not present in the deoxyribose. Also, the base pairs are adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.

Detailed explanation-2: -The two polynucleotide chains are antiparallel in DNA. This means that one of them runs from the 5’-3’ direction and the other one runs in the 3’-5’ direction.

Detailed explanation-3: -A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits. Each of these chains is known as a DNA chain, or a DNA strand. Hydrogen bonds between the base portions of the nucleotides hold the two chains together (Figure 4-3).

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA is made up of four building blocks called nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). The nucleotides attach to each other (A with T, and G with C) to form chemical bonds called base pairs, which connect the two DNA strands.

Detailed explanation-5: -In general, helical DNA or RNA molecules consist of two strands in an antiparallel orientation (5′–3′/3′–5′), with Watson–Crick base pairing of both strands.