BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The S phase of a cell cycle occurs during interphase, before mitosis or meiosis, and is responsible for the synthesis or replication of DNA. In this way, the genetic material of a cell is doubled before it enters mitosis or meiosis, allowing there to be enough DNA to be split into daughter cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -S phase is the period during which DNA replication occurs.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA synthesis begins in S phase as the replicative helicase unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix [7]. As the helicase unwinds DNA, DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA utilizing the exposed single stranded DNA as a template.

Detailed explanation-4: -S Phase (Synthesis of DNA) Throughout interphase, nuclear DNA remains in a semi-condensed chromatin configuration. In the S phase, DNA replication results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA molecules, sister chromatids, that are firmly attached to the centromeric region.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the eukaryotic cell cycle, chromosome duplication occurs during “S phase” (the phase of DNA synthesis) and chromosome segregation occurs during “M phase” (the mitosis phase).