BIOLOGY
NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Anticodons on mRNA bind to complementary codons on DNA.
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Anticodons on tRNA bind to complementary codons on mRNA.
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Bases on DNA bind to complementary bases on mRNA.
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A single strand of mRNA is produced from the DNA in the nucleus.
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Detailed explanation-1: -tRNAs bring their amino acids to the mRNA in a specific order. This order is determined by the attraction between a codon, a sequence of three nucleotides on the mRNA, and a complementary nucleotide triplet on the tRNA, called an anticodon. This anticodon also specifies the particular amino acid that the tRNA carries.
Detailed explanation-2: -mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons are complementary to each other. Codons in the mRNA bind to the anticodons in the tRNA during protein synthesis (translation). This relationship ensures the correct the amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Detailed explanation-3: -The tRNA binds and brings to the ribosome the amino acid encoded by the mRNA. The process of reading the mRNA code in the ribosome to make a protein is called translation (Figure below): the mRNA is translated from the language of nucleic acids (nucleotides) to the language of proteins (amino acids).
Detailed explanation-4: -The order of bases in mRNA determines the amino acid used and its order for the synthesis of a polypeptide. Thus, the function of tRNA is to recognise the order of codons on the mRNA and match its anticodons accordingly via complementary base pairings.