BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Peptides are naturally happening short chains of amino acid monomers associated by amide bonds.

Detailed explanation-2: -While there are many types of monomers found in living organisms like simple sugars or nucleotides, the only monomer that forms polypeptide chains are amino acids. When amino acids are joined together, they form peptide bonds.

Detailed explanation-3: -A protein molecule is made from a long chain of these amino acids, each linked to its neighbor through a covalent peptide bond (Figure 3-1). Proteins are therefore also known as polypeptides.

Detailed explanation-4: -In a protein, amino acid monomers are held together by covalent peptide bonds between the amino group of one monomer and the carboxylic acid group of the adjacent monomer.

Detailed explanation-5: -The monomer of a protein is an amino acid. A large number of amino acid molecules join together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. Two or more polypeptide chains are joined together to form large proteins. Amino acid sequence determines the structure and function of a protein.