BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -A phosphate backbone is the portion of the DNA double helix that provides structural support to the molecule. DNA consists of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

Detailed explanation-2: -Detailed Solution. The backbone of a DNA is made up of repeating units of deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base and phosphate group which occur alternately. The phosphate group attaches to the-OH group at the 5’ carbon of the deoxyribose sugar through a phosphodiester linkage.

Detailed explanation-3: -The sugar in DNA has 5 carbon atoms (labelled 1’-5’), and is called deoxy-ribose (hence the “Deoxy-ribo” in DNA).

Detailed explanation-4: -The backbone of the DNA is composed of deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate molecule. The four types of nitrogen bases present in a nucleotide are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). The order of these bases determines the DNA’s instructions or genetic code.