BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -A nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base. Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA. Instead of thymine, RNA contains uracil.

Detailed explanation-2: -A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA).

Detailed explanation-3: -Adenine nucleotides and energy transfer Adenine nucleotides have the typical structure of nucleotides including the purine base adenine attached to a five-carbon sugar and one to three phosphate groups.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nucleotides contain three characteristic components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose, and one or more phosphate groups. The nitrogenous bases are derivatives of two parent heterocyclic compounds, purine and pyrimidine. The major pyrimidine bases are cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

Detailed explanation-5: -The sugar is the 3’ end, and the phosphate is the 5’ end of each nucleiotide. The phosphate group attached to the 5’ carbon of the sugar on one nucleotide forms an ester bond with the free hydroxyl on the 3’ carbon of the next nucleotide.