BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Proteins are built as chains of amino acids, which then fold into unique three-dimensional shapes. Bonding within protein molecules helps stabilize their structure, and the final folded forms of proteins are well-adapted for their functions.

Detailed explanation-2: -It helps repair and build your body’s tissues, allows metabolic reactions to take place and coordinates bodily functions. In addition to providing your body with a structural framework, proteins also maintain proper pH and fluid balance.

Detailed explanation-3: -Folded proteins are held together by various molecular interactions. During translation, each protein is synthesized as a linear chain of amino acids or a random coil which does not have a stable 3D structure. The amino acids in the chain eventually interact with each other to form a well-defined, folded protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -When folding, two types of structures usually form first. Some regions of the protein chain coil up into slinky-like formations called “alpha helices, ” while other regions fold into zigzag patterns called “beta sheets, ” which resemble the folds of a paper fan.

Detailed explanation-5: -Proteins that facilitate the folding of other proteins are called molecular chaperones. The term “chaperone” was first used by Ron Laskey and his colleagues to describe a protein (nucleoplasmin) that is required for the assembly of nucleosomes from histones and DNA.