BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA polymerase adds a new base to the 3’ end of the growing, new strand. (The template has a G, and the polymerase incorrectly adds a T rather than a C to the new strand.) Polymerase detects that the bases are mispaired.

Detailed explanation-2: -The primary enzyme involved in DNA replication is DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, often referred to simply as DNA polymerase. Prokaryotic cells such as E. coli typically have three DNA polymerase enzymes designated as DNA polymerase I, II and III. Of these, DNA polymerase III is the primary builder.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from one original DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sequence of nitrogenous bases on each strand of DNA in the double helix acts as a template for the formation of a new strand of DNA. In order for this to happen, the two strands of DNA must unwind and separate, so that their nitrogenous bases are accessible. This function is carried out by the enzyme DNA helicase.