BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Nucleic acid is the most important biological macromolecule composed of two nitrogenous bases (purine and pyrimidine) connected via phosphodiester linkage with ribose sugar backbone (Dahm, 2008).

Detailed explanation-2: -There are 4 major biological macromolecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Monomers are the building blocks of the four basic macromolecules of life-monosaccharides are the monomers of carbohydrates, amino acids are the monomers of proteins, glycerol/fatty acids are the monomers of lipids, and nucleotides are the monomers of DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -From the smallest single-celled organism to the tallest tree, all life depends on the properties and reactions of four classes of organic (carbon-based) compounds-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nitrogen in the reduced form is the major component of the three most important biological macromolecular structures: (i) proteins/polypeptides, (ii) DNA and RNA, and (iii) polymers of amino sugars.