BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The proteins that bind to the DNA to form eucaryotic chromosomes are traditionally divided into two general classes: the histones and the nonhistone chromosomal proteins. The complex of both classes of protein with the nuclear DNA of eucaryotic cells is known as chromatin.

Detailed explanation-2: -Each histone octamer is composed of two copies each of the histone proteins H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. The chain of nucleosomes is then wrapped into a 30 nm spiral called a solenoid, where additional H1 histone proteins are associated with each nucleosome to maintain the chromosome structure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromosomes have proteins called histones that bind to DNA. DNA has two strands that twist into the shape of a spiral ladder called a helix.

Detailed explanation-4: -Histones are associated with DNA to form nucleosome essential for chromatin structure and major nuclear processes like gene regulation and expression.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA strands wrap around proteins called histones, which are composed into structures called nucleosomes. There are four types of histones, named: H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Octomers of two of each type of histone form nucleosomes. These nucleosomes are wrapped together in a spiral structure called a solenoid.