BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Creative Commons Avery, O. T. et al. Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types.

Detailed explanation-2: -Transformation was first demonstrated in 1928 by British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith. In 1928, Frederick Griffith was credited with discovering transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Colin M, Oswald T. Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and MacLeod, 1944 exhibited that DNA was the transforming principle.

Detailed explanation-3: -Griffith’s experiment, reported in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty showed that DNA (not proteins) can transform the properties of cells, clarifying the chemical nature of genes. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty identified DNA as the “transforming principle” while studying Streptococcus pneumoniae, bacteria that can cause pneumonia.

Detailed explanation-5: -In a very simple experiment, Oswald Avery’s group showed that DNA was the “transforming principle.” When isolated from one strain of bacteria, DNA was able to transform another strain and confer characteristics onto that second strain.