BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Initially, an increase in substrate concentration leads to an increase in the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. As the enzyme molecules become saturated with substrate, this increase in reaction rate levels off. The rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction increases with an increase in the concentration of an enzyme.

Detailed explanation-2: -Competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing the substrate concentration. Because the inhibitor and substrate are in competition for the active site, increasing substrate concentration increases the likelihood that that substrate will bind and the reaction will progress normally.

Detailed explanation-3: -Since the inhibitor and substrate are not competing for the same binding site on the enzyme, a noncompetitive inhibitor reduces the reaction rate at all substrate concentrations.

Detailed explanation-4: -If all of the enzymes in the system bind to the substrate, the additional substrate molecules must wait for the enzyme to become available after the reaction is complete. This means that as the enzyme concentration decreases, the reaction rate will decrease.