BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Exons are coding sections of an RNA transcript, or the DNA encoding it, that are translated into protein. Exons can be separated by intervening sections of DNA that do not code for proteins, known as introns.

Detailed explanation-2: -The nucleotide sequence of a gene, through the medium of mRNA, is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein by rules that are known as the genetic code. This code was deciphered in the early 1960s.

Detailed explanation-3: -Exons contain information that directly results in the final order of amino acids within the protein. Interspersed between exons are introns which are removed during protein synthesis in a process known as splicing. Changes in the exon sequence can result in changes to the amino acid sequence and resulting protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -The introns are transcribed onto the primary RNA transcript (hnRNA) but are removed by splicing during the post-transcriptional processing of the hnRNA to form functional mRNA. Thus, the introns are transcribed but not translated as they are absent in the functional mRNA.

Detailed explanation-5: -Exons are the parts of a gene that code for a protein. Exons are mRNA coding regions that code for amino acids. Various exons code for different protein domains. A single exon or numerous exons spliced together can encode the domains.