BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ‘’read” the bases in one of the DNA strands.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first step in transcription is initiation, when the RNA pol binds to the DNA upstream (5′) of the gene at a specialized sequence called a promoter (Figure 2a).

Detailed explanation-3: -RNA polymerase I transcribes the genes that encode the structural RNAs for the subunits of the ribosome. RNA polymerase II transcribes the genes that encode proteins as well as a subset of small RNAs. RNA polymerase III transcribes the genes encoding ribosomal 5S RNA, tRNAs, and a subset of other small RNAs.

Detailed explanation-4: -The RNA polymerase enzyme binds to a specific site called promoter and initiates transcription. The promoter region determines which DNA strand is to be transcribed. Thus, a promoter region has RNA polymerase recognition site and RNA polymerase binding site. So, the correct answer is ‘promoter’