BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Substrate concentration: Increasing substrate concentration also increases the rate of reaction to a certain point. Once all of the enzymes have bound, any substrate increase will have no effect on the rate of reaction, as the available enzymes will be saturated and working at their maximum rate.

Detailed explanation-2: -At low substrate concentration the reaction rate increases sharply with increasing substrate concentration because there abundant free enzyme available (E) to bind added substrate.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Vmax of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the presence of a competitive inhibitor remains unchanged from normal; however, the apparent Km (Km’) for the substrate is increased since a higher concentration of substrate is required to overcome inhibitory effects of the competitor.