BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -tRNA : Transfer RNAs carry the amino acids required for protein synthesis. mRNA carries the code for amino acids that undergoes translation in the ribosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Aminoacylation, the attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA, is typically a two-step process catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). The first step, termed “activation”, is the formation of an aminoacyl-AMP (aminoacyl-adenylate) on the enzyme through the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Detailed explanation-3: -Amino acids are attached to tRNAs at the 3′-terminal adenosine at the end of a CCA trinucleotide sequence that is common to all tRNAs. In the second domain is a trinucleotide sequence known as the anticodon, located ∼75 Å from the amino acid attachment site.

Detailed explanation-4: -Definition. Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA) is a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis. Transfer RNA serves as a link (or adaptor) between the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule and the growing chain of amino acids that make up a protein.