BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -An helix is generated when a single polypeptide chain twists around on itself to form a rigid cylinder. A hydrogen bond is made between every fourth peptide bond, linking the C=O. of one peptide bond to the N–H of another (see Figure 3-9A).

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary structure refers to regular, recurring arrangements in space of adjacent amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. It is maintained by hydrogen bonds between amide hydrogens and carbonyl oxygens of the peptide backbone. The major secondary structures are -helices and -structures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary structure is generated by formation of hydrogen bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone, which folds the chains into either alpha helices or beta-sheets. Tertiary structure is formed by the folding of the secondary structure sheets or helices into one another.

Detailed explanation-4: -The tertiary structure of proteins represents overall folding of the polypeptide chains, further folding of the secondary structure. It gives rise to two major molecular shapes called fibrous and globular.