BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary structure refers to regular, recurring arrangements in space of adjacent amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. It is maintained by hydrogen bonds between amide hydrogens and carbonyl oxygens of the peptide backbone. The major secondary structures are -helices and -structures.

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary structure The most common types of secondary structures are the helix and the pleated sheet. Both structures are held in shape by hydrogen bonds, which form between the carbonyl O of one amino acid and the amino H of another.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrogen bonding is the stronger form of secondary bonding and is formed from polar molecular bonding. These form, for example, in water and hydrogen fluorides.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrogen bonds provide most of the directional interactions that underpin protein folding, protein structure and molecular recognition. The core of most protein structures is composed of secondary structures such as helix and sheet.

Detailed explanation-5: -An -helix secondary structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between carbonyl oxygen and the amino group of every third residue in the helical turn with each helical turn consisting of 3.6 amino acid residues (Fig. 10.1A).