BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -If the temperature or pH of a protein’s environment is changed, or if it is exposed to chemicals, these interactions may be disrupted, causing the protein to lose its three-dimensional structure and turn back into an unstructured string of amino acids.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteins change their shape when exposed to different pH or temperatures. The body strictly regulates pH and temperature to prevent proteins such as enzymes from denaturing. Some proteins can refold after denaturation while others cannot. Chaperone proteins help some proteins fold into the correct shape.

Detailed explanation-3: -Changing the pH disrupts the hydrogen bonds, and this changes the shape of the protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -It is important to remember that protein shape is sensitive to pH, temperature and dissolved salts. By changing these variables the activity or function of the protein will be altered. If the protein’s shape is altered so severely that the protein no longer functions, the protein is said to be denatured.

Detailed explanation-5: -At extreme pH values, the native structure of proteins will be disturbed and the folded protein will be destabilized and unfolded to minimize its free energy because the charge density of the folded protein is greater than that of the unfolded protein [17].