BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Note: Proteins are made up of a relatable series of amino acids. The varied sequence of the amino acid chain is determined by the sequence of nucleotides of the gene encoded for that particular protein. Therefore, if they differentiate between these two proteins, the corresponding gene sequences can also be used.

Detailed explanation-2: -A protein consists of multiple amino acids. Different proteins are produced because there are 20 amino acids that can be combined in unique sequences. Each amino acid is connected to the next amino acid by a special chemical bond called a peptide bond (Figure 6.1.

Detailed explanation-3: -Amino acids differ from each other with respect to their side chains, which are referred to as R groups. The R group for each of the amino acids will differ in structure, electrical charge, and polarity.

Detailed explanation-4: -The significance of the unique sequence, or order, of amino acids, known as the protein’s primary structure, is that it dictates the 3-D conformation the folded protein will have. This conformation, in turn, will determine the function of the protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -Amino acids are organic compounds that are made up of an amino group, a carboxylic group and a varying side chain. Proteins are nitrogenous macromolecules that are made up of chains of amino acids. It is the building block of proteins. It is a string of amino acids.