BIOLOGY
PROTEINS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They store the genes of a cell.
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They are bonded together to form proteins.
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They code for a specific amino acid in a protein.
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They translate the genetic code in RNA.
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Detailed explanation-1: -A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid. Certain codons signal the start or end of translation. These are called start or stop (or termination) codons.
Detailed explanation-2: -Reading the genetic code Redundancy in the genetic code means that most amino acids are specified by more than one mRNA codon. For example, the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) is specified by the codons UUU and UUC, and the amino acid leucine (Leu) is specified by the codons CUU, CUC, CUA, and CUG.
Detailed explanation-3: -A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals). There are 64 different codons: 61 specify amino acids and 3 are used as stop signals.
Detailed explanation-4: -The primary function of RNA is to create proteins via translation. RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
Detailed explanation-5: -Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) Transfer RNAs, or tRNAs, are molecular “bridges” that connect mRNA codons to the amino acids they encode. One end of each tRNA has a sequence of three nucleotides called an anticodon, which can bind to specific mRNA codons. The other end of the tRNA carries the amino acid specified by the codons.