BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Therefore, proteins are long chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds. The actual order of the amino acids in the protein is called its primary structure and is determined by DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like words in a sentence, the DNA sequence of a gene determines the amino acid sequence for the protein it encodes. In the protein-coding region of a gene, the DNA sequence is interpreted in groups of three nucleotide bases, called codons. Each codon specifies a single amino acid in a protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nucleotide sequence of a gene, through the medium of mRNA, is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein by rules that are known as the genetic code.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are two main methods used to find the amino acid sequences of proteins. Mass spectrometry is the most common method in use today because of its ease of use. Edman degradation using a protein sequenator is the second method, which is most useful if the N-terminus of a protein needs to be characterized.