BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -A protein becomes denatured when its normal shape gets deformed because some of the hydrogen bonds are broken. Weak hydrogen bonds break when too much heat is applied or when they are exposed to an acid (like citric acid from lemon juice).

Detailed explanation-2: -However, at very high salt concentration, the increased surface tension of water generates a competition between protein and salt ions for hydration. Salts strip off the essential layer of water molecules from the protein surface eventually denaturing the protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Many methods like heat (disrupt bond in protein), acid (change pH of protein), alcohol (break bond of protein) and salt (alter the layer of protein) can denature the protein. So, the correct option is e. External stress and solvents are other factors that denature proteins.