BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The nucleosome is the fundamental subunit of chromatin. Each nucleosome is composed of a little less than two turns of DNA wrapped around a set of eight proteins called histones, which are known as a histone octamer. Each histone octamer is composed of two copies each of the histone proteins H2A, H2B, H3, and H4.

Detailed explanation-2: -The DNA in eucaryotes is tightly bound to an equal mass of histones, which form a repeating array of DNA-protein particles called nucleosomes. The nucleosome is composed of an octameric core of histone proteins around which the DNA double helix is wrapped.

Detailed explanation-3: -A single nucleosome consists of about 150 base pairs of DNA sequence wrapped around a core of histone proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -The nucleosome core particle represents the first level of chromatin organization and is composed of two copies of each of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, assembled in an octameric core with 146-147 bp of DNA tightly wrapped around it [1, 2].

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromosomes have proteins called histones that bind to DNA. DNA has two strands that twist into the shape of a spiral ladder called a helix.