BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Chemically, an amino acid is a molecule that has a carboxylic acid group and an amine group that are each attached to a carbon atom called the carbon. Each of the 20 amino acids has a specific side chain, known as an R group, that is also attached to the carbon.

Detailed explanation-2: -An amino acid is an organic chemical. Organic chemicals contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. All amino acids have the same basic structure. Each molecule has a central carbon atom linked together with a basic amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydrogen atom and an R-group, or side-chain group.

Detailed explanation-3: -Proline (Pro/P) is the only amino acid found in proteins with an R-group that joins with its own -amino group, making a secondary amine and a ring.

Detailed explanation-4: -These five amino acids have simple, nonpolar side chains made of nothing but hydrogen and carbon. Notice that leucine and isoleucine differ only by the placement of one methyl group.