BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The properties of the side chain determine an amino acid’s chemical behavior (that is, whether it is considered acidic, basic, polar, or nonpolar). For example, amino acids such as valine and leucine are nonpolar and hydrophobic, while amino acids like serine and glutamine have hydrophilic side chains and are polar.

Detailed explanation-2: -The side chains of amino acids have different chemistries. The largest group of amino acids have nonpolar side chains. Several other amino acids have side chains with positive or negative charges, while others have polar but uncharged side chains.

Detailed explanation-3: -Amino acids can be classified based on the characteristics of their distinctive side chains as nonpolar, polar but uncharged, negatively charged, or positively charged.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each amino acid is bound to a unique chemical group at this position called its side chain. It is this side chain that makes each amino acid different, giving each amino acid a unique set of chemical properties. The side chain is often abbreviated as an R group and denoted with the letter R for short.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are three amino acids that have basic side chains at neutral pH. These are arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), and histidine (His). Their side chains contain nitrogen and resemble ammonia, which is a base.