BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Sequence, structure and function No two proteins with different amino acid sequences (primary structure) have identical overall structure. The unique amino acid sequence of a protein is reflected in its unique folded structure. This structure, in turn, determines the protein’s function.

Detailed explanation-2: -The carbon, carboxyl, and amino groups are common to all amino acids, so the R-group is the only unique feature in each amino acid. (A minor exception to this structure is that of proline, in which the end of the R-group is attached to the -amine.)

Detailed explanation-3: -these have no functional group in their side chain. Eg: Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Methionine(sulfur) Page 12 • Amino acids with polar but uncharged R Group: these amino acids are polar and possess neutral pH value. Eg: Glycine, Serine, Threonine, Cysteine, Tyrosine, Glutamine, Asparagine.

Detailed explanation-4: -The R group determines the characteristics (size, polarity, and pH) for each type of amino acid. Peptide bonds form between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another through dehydration synthesis. A chain of amino acids is a polypeptide.